What are the factors affecting the forgeability of forgings?
Release time:
2020-07-03
Factors Affecting the Forgability of Forgings
The forgeability of forgings is usually assessed in a hot state. The forgeability of a forging is the process of shaping deformation that metal undergoes when subjected to pressure processing in a hot state. Forging factories often use two indicators, the plasticity and deformation resistance of metals, to comprehensively consider the quality of the forgeability of forgings.
The factors affecting the forgeability of forgings primarily include the composition of the metal. Pure metals are better than alloys, low carbon steel is better than high carbon steel, and low carbon alloy steel is better than high carbon high alloy steel; harmful impurity elements generally worsen forgeability. Additionally, the microstructure of the metal used in the forgings matters; a single-phase structure is better than a multi-phase structure. Columnar structures, coarse grain structures, segregation at grain boundaries, or co-crystallized structures in the cast state can all deteriorate the forgeability of forgings. Finally, the processing conditions of the forging factory should also be considered: 1. Deformation temperature: Generally, as the deformation temperature increases, the forgeability of the metal improves; when the temperature approaches the melting point, overheating can occur, leading to a sharp decrease in forgeability. 2. Deformation speed: On one hand, as the deformation speed increases, the recovery and recrystallization processes cannot keep up, failing to eliminate work hardening in time, thus reducing plasticity, increasing deformation resistance, and worsening forgeability. On the other hand, as the deformation speed increases, thermal effects arise, increasing the plasticity of the metal and reducing deformation resistance, which is beneficial for improving forgeability. 3. Stress state: The more tensile stress components there are, the better the plasticity required for the forging material; the more compressive stress components there are, the lower the requirements for the material's plasticity.
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